投稿时间：2014-08-04
修订日期：2014-09-02
网络发布日期：2014-11-01
中文摘要:近年来,锂及其化合物的用途日益重要而广泛,特别是电动车和各种移动电子设备对大小功率锂电池的需求急剧增长,大大带动了锂资源的开发利用。全球锂资源有80%以上蕴藏在盐湖卤水、油田水、地热水等液体矿床中。在被称为“锂三角”的南美安第斯高原的智利、阿根廷、玻利维亚交界处,分布有丰富的盐湖锂资源,当地少雨、多风、极度干燥的自然条件,对开发盐湖资源十分有利,在当今世界锂开发潮流中,已成为一大热点地区。文章介绍了世界盐湖卤水锂资源的状况和开发利用工艺流程;作为多个新兴产业交汇点的锂产业,从上游锂资源调查评价、加工利用到下游各种产品的研制,近年来在中国都取得了长足发展;最后对中国锂产业的发展提出了一些建议。
Abstract:Lithium and its compounds as combined rising industries of new energy sources, new materials, and information techniques have become more and more important in recent years. Especially lithium ion batteries with bigger or smaller power are widely needed for electrical vehicles, mobile electronic equipment and energy storage. These factors all promote the development of Li industries in the world. Lithium from salt lake brines, oil well brines and underground brines accounts for over 70% of its total reserves. Salt lakes in the central Andes Mountains hold a great part of global lithium reserves in store. In addition to high concentration of Li, K, and B in brines, extreme dryness of the climate in this area is the most favorable factor in utilization of solar pond for evaporation and concentration of brines. The development and exploitation of Li salt brines in the central Andes area are recently becoming a hot trend. It can be mainly contributed to the "ithium fever". Trends and progress in utilization and development of Li resources in brines are described in detail in this paper. China's main progress in this field is also dealt with. Lithium industries from Li carbonate extracted from brines and hard ores to various Li products on the down-stream have recently boomed in China. This paper also puts forward some suggestions concerning the sound development of Li industries in China.
keywords:geology lithium resources in salt lakes development of Li salts development of lithium industries comprehensive utilization of salt lakes resources
文章编号：
中图分类号：P618.71;P611.4
文献标志码：
基金项目:本文由中国工程院项目“青海盐湖资源综合开发利用及可持续发展战略”资助
引用文本：
宋彭生,项仁杰.2014.盐湖锂资源开发利用及对中国锂产业发展的建议[J].矿床地质,33(5):977~992SONG PengSheng,XIANG RenJie.2014.Utilization and exploitation of lithium resources in salt lakes and some suggestions concerning development of Li industries in China[J].Mineral Deposits33(5):977~992
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