投稿时间：2019-06-24
修订日期：2019-06-28
网络发布日期：2019-08-26
中文摘要:当前，世界各国贸易争端不断加剧，引发对战略性新兴产业所需关键矿产供应安全的担忧，世界各主要国家纷纷制定关键矿产战略保障供应安全。文章通过综合整理美国、欧盟、英国等西方发达国家关键矿产清单，总结了这些国家关键矿产战略的总体特点。基于当前世界供需形势、中国矿产探明储量和资源禀赋特点等情况，文章将关键矿产划分为主导型、技术和条件制约型、市场制约型和资源短缺型4类，并从加强宏观管理、加大力度冶炼技术研发、高精尖新材料研发和充分利用2种资源和市场等方面提出几点思考。
Abstract:At present, trade frictions all over the world are intensifying, leading to concerns about the security of critical mineral supplies needed for strategic emerging industries. Major countries in the world have formulated critical mineral strategies to ensure supply security. Based on summarizing the list of critical minerals in the Western developed countries such as the United States, the European Union, and the United Kingdom, this paper summarizes the overall characteristics of critical mineral strategies in these countries. According to the world's supply and demand situation as well as China's mineral reserves and mineral resource characteristics, the authors divide critical minerals into four categories, i. e., China-dominant, technology-constrained, price-constrained and resource-deficient, and put forward some suggestions:First, the macro-management of the China-dominant and price-constrained critical minerals should be normalized. Second, increasing the R&D of the exploiting and smelting technology to improve the utilization of resource. Third, extending the industrial chain to develop high-tech and new materials. Fourth, strengthening the resource-deficient critical minerals exploration and making full use of both resources and markets.
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基金项目:本文得到国家自然科学基金国际（地区）合作与交流项目（编号：41820104010）、国家自然科学基金重点项目（编号：41430314）和中国地质调查局中国地质科学院基本科研业务费课题（编号：JYYWF20180601）联合资助
引用文本：
毛景文,杨宗喜,谢桂青,袁顺达,周振华.2019.关键矿产——国际动向与思考[J].矿床地质,38(4):689~698MAO JingWen,YANG ZongXi,XIE GuiQing,YUAN ShunDa,ZHOU ZhenHua.2019.Critical minerals: International trends and thinking[J].Mineral Deposits38(4):689~698
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