投稿时间：2022-09-18
修订日期：2023-04-10
网络发布日期：2023-07-08
中文摘要:位于上扬子地台西缘成矿带东侧和东缘成矿带南段的黔西北、黔东铅锌成矿区广泛产出碳酸盐岩容矿的铅锌矿床。成矿地质及成矿作用对比研究显示，2个成矿区铅锌矿床具有成因与岩浆岩无直接联系、赋矿层位和容矿岩性主要为碳酸盐岩，断裂、褶皱构造和碳酸盐岩是主控因素，成矿流体中S来源于海相硫酸盐热化学还原作用（TSR）、C主要来自海相碳酸盐岩的溶解、H2O主要由建造水和变质水组成，同时有少量大气降水参与，Pb、Zn等成矿物质主要来源于基底地层，赋矿层位提供了部分物源，矿石矿物组成较简单，围岩蚀变强度较弱，后生成矿特征明显等共性特征。也存在矿床分布分别受褶皱构造和断裂构造控制、矿体分别主要呈层状和陡倾斜脉状产出、主要伴生元素分别为Cd-Se （局部Ge）和普遍伴生Ge-In-Ga-Ag、成矿时代分别集中于510~410 Ma和230~190 Ma、成矿动力学背景分别为加里东期和印支晚期等显著差异。结合成矿地质背景及勘查现状分析研究，笔者认为贵州铅锌成矿地质条件优越，勘查和研究程度总体较低，找矿空间和潜力大，圈定的矿化富集区是有利的找矿远景区，已知矿床深、边部是重要的潜在找矿靶区，强化MVT成矿理论认识，深度融合大数据挖掘技术，集成矿床成矿模式+地球物理异常+地球化学异常为一体的找矿有效方法体系，构建深部找矿预测模型，加大圈定靶区的深部工程验证力度，有望实现新的找矿突破。
Abstract:Located in the eastern of the western metallogenic belt and southern parts of the eastern metallogenic belt in the Upper Yangtze platform, the lead-zinc mineralization areas in Northwest Guizhou and West Guizhou have widely produced carbonate-hosted Pb-Zn deposits. The comparative study of metallogenic geological characteristics and mineralization shows that the lead-zinc deposits in the two metallogenic areas have the common characteristics of that, no direct genetic relationship with magmatic rocks, the host strata and ore-bearing lithologies are mainly carbonate rocks, while fault & fold structures and carbonate rocks are the main controlling factors. In the ore-forming fluid, S is derived from marine sulfate thermochemical reduction (TSR), C is mainly formed by the dissolution of marine carbonate rocks, H2O is mainly composed of water in sedimentary formation and metamorphic water, and a small amount of atmospheric precipitation is involved. Pb, Zn and other ore-forming materials are mainly derived from the basement strata and ore-bearing horizon, which provide part of the source. The mineral composition of the ore is simple, the wall rock alteration intensity is weak, and the epigenetic mineralization characteristics are obvious. In Eastern and Northwest Guizhou, there are also significant different characteristics with that fold and fault structures controlling the distribution of deposits, ore bodies being mainly layered and steep dipping veins, main associated elements Cd-Se (part Ge) and general associated elements Ge-In-Ga-Ag, metallogenic age concentrating in the periods of (510~410 Ma) and (230~192 Ma), and the metallogenic dynamic background being Caledonian and late Indosinian, respectively. From the analysis of metallogenic geological background and exploration status, it is thought that there are favour geological settings for the carbonate-hosted leadzinc mineration in Guizhou, the exploration and research degree is generally low, and the exploration space and potential are large. The deep and lateral extension of known deposits in the two metallogenic areas and mineralization concentrated regions are important prospecting target areas. It is expected to achieve new prospecting breakthrough with strengthening the understanding of MVT metallogenic theory, deeply integrate big data mining technology, integrated ore deposit metallogenic model+geophysical anomaly+geochemical anomaly into one effective method of prospecting, construct the deep prospecting prediction model, and increase the deep engineering verification.
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基金项目:本文得到国家自然科学基金项目（编号： U1812402）资助
引用文本：
金中国,郑明泓,黄智龙,周家喜,胡宇思,韦晨,刘玲,吴涛,衮民汕,吴莎.2023.黔西北与黔东铅锌成矿区地质地球化学特征对比及其地质意义[J].矿床地质,42(3):531~547JIN ZhongGuo,ZHENG MingHong,HUANG ZhiLong,ZHOU JiaXi,HU YuSi,WEI Chen,LIU Ling,WU Tao,GUN MinShan,WU Sha.2023.Comparative and geological significance on geological and geochemical characteristics of Pb and Zn mineralization in Northwest Guizhou and East Guizhou[J].Mineral Deposits42(3):531~547
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