中文摘要:本膨润土矿床是我国首次发现的产于第四纪地层中的膨润土矿床。其层位稳定，埋藏浅，质量好，储量大。膨润土矿石按颜色可分为三种自然类型。经化学分析、阳离子交换试验、X射线分析、差热分析、红外光谱分析及电子显微镜鉴定，证明其属钙基膨润土。矿床的形成严格受新生代断陷盆地的控制，其分布受岩相古地理条件的制约，是在地表低温，低压、偏碱性的还原水介质中沉积而成，属于内陆湖泊化学沉积矿床。
Abstract:The Xixiang bentonite deposit in Yangxian County Was discovered by No.2 Geological party, Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Shaangxi Province in 1983. Occurring in Quaternary sediments, it is a mineral deposit formed by chemical sedimentation of lacustrine facies and characterized by considerable reserves, good qualities, shallow burial and encouraging prospective reserves. Bentonlte beds remain stable with only negligible variation in thickness. Ore beds all occur in upper part of the second lithological formation of Middle Pleistocene. The orebodies of the Yangxian bentonite deposit are usually 600—1200m long and 3—5m thick, with the greatest length and thickness being 2300m and 10.5m respectively. The bentonite ores can be grouped into three types according to their colors, deep yellow, greyish white and pea green. X-ray diffraction analyses, differential thermal analyses，infrared spectroscopy and electron microscopy all indicate that the ore is of typical calcareous bentonite, the major mineral constituents being montmorillonite, illite, halloysite, zeolite together with minor amounts of clastic materials. We have performed such technological tests on bentonite as cast properties, adsorption, decolorization and porosity, and the results show that this bentonite is a sort of cast material and can be used as filler in plastic, rubber, and paper making. Having a decolorization ratio of 99.1—161.5％(averaging 114.66％), it can serve as adsorbent and decolorizer for oil products and especially as coating substance in construction.
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唐子林，陈代忠，周国华.1988.陕西洋县西乡第四系膨润土矿床的地质特征[J].矿床地质,7(1):76~86.1988.Geological characteristics of the Xixiang bentonite deposit in quaternary sediments, Yangxian county, Shaangxi province[J].Mineral Deposits7(1):76~86
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