投稿时间：2022-11-02
修订日期：2023-01-11
网络发布日期：2023-03-07
中文摘要:中国是世界上铝的最主要生产国和消费国，但资源储量和人均占有铝资源量严重不足。中国铝土矿具有成矿时代单一、空间分布广泛但局部相对集中的特点，成因类型以喀斯特型为主，区别于国际上以红土型为主的特点。文章在前人大量研究的基础上，对山西断隆、华北陆块南缘、黔中北-渝南和桂西南-滇东南4个最主要铝土矿成矿带的成矿规律进行了总结。并在成矿规律总结基础上，提出了当前铝土矿研究面临的关键科学问题：①地层层序与成矿物质的来源与组成问题；②深时古气候背景下重大地质事件与铝土矿成矿耦合关系问题；③铝土矿共生/伴生矿产资源的开发利用以及成矿过程问题。同时，文章还对解决上述科学问题可能采用的技术方法和研究手段予以展望。
Abstract:China is the most significant producer and consumer of aluminum in the world. However, the total resources of China and the per capita amount of aluminum are insufficient. Bauxite deposits in China are generally formed from Carboniferous to Permian. Although it is widely distributed in China, bauxite resources are mainly concentrated in a few metallogenic belts. In addition, bauxite in China is primarily karstic type, different from laterite bauxite-dominated worldwide. Based on previous studies, this paper summaries metallogenic regularities of the economically top four bauxite belts, including the Shanxi fault-uplift, the south margin of the North China craton, the central and northern Guizhou-southern Chongqing, and the Southwest Guangxi-Southeast Yunnan metallogenic belts. We further summaries three key scientific questions that need to be paid additional attention in the future research on bauxite, including: ① The stratigraphic sequence of bauxite and its provenance and mineral composition; ② Critical geological events in earth's history and their links with bauxite formation under deep-time paleoclimatological background; ③ Paragenetic or associated minerals with bauxite and their mineralization processes. This paper also prospects the possible techniques to meet the above challenges.
keywords:geology bauxite metallogenic regularity stratigraphic sequence deep-time palaeoclimatology paragenetic and associated minerals
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基金项目:本文得到国家自然科学基金项目（编号：41972072、42172080）资助
引用文本：
徐林刚,孙莉,孙凯.2023.中国铝土矿的成矿规律、关键科学问题与研究方法[J].矿床地质,42(1):22~40XU LinGang,SUN Li,SUN Kai.2023.Metallogenic regularity, key scientific problems and research methods of bauxite in China[J].Mineral Deposits42(1):22~40
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